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Hammar Marshes
The Hammar Marshes (Iraq) are a large complex of wetlands in Iraq that are part of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along with the Mesopotamian Marshes which also encompass the Hawizeh and Central Marshes. The Hammar Marshes formerly covered an area of 2,800 square kilometres of permanent wetland, extending to over 4,500 square kilometres in certain seasons, but were almost totally destroyed during the 1990s by drainage projects, and have only recently seen some recovery.
==Characteristics==
The Hammar Marshes stretched between Nasiriyah and Basra and were located south of the Euphrates River, which formed their principal source. Their main feature was the large brackish lake Haur al-Hammar, the largest water body in the lower Euphrates.〔(The Physical Characteristics of the Mesopotamian Marshlands ), edenagain.org〕 Additional water from the Tigris reached the system through overflow from the Central Marshes.
With a wide variety of habitats, the Hammar Marshes and the Haur al-Hammar supported large populations of birds, notably pelicans and ducks, with the Haur Aluwez in the south-east being especially significant for these species.〔(Haur al-Hammar ), birdlife.org〕
The area was formerly populated by the Marsh Arabs or Ma'dan.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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